Ninh Binh: Majestic land of limestone mountains and rivers

Located in northern Vietnam, Ninh Binh offers peace and stunning natural sights, as well as a slow-paced lifestyle that hasn’t been affected by mass tourism. Because of its limestone karsts, this area is known as “Halong Bay on land” and it provides a view of both natural beauty and peace.

You can reach this secret place from Hanoi in just under 100 kilometers and it lets you explore old history by rowing in caves, wandering the old capital’s remains or checking out ancient temples. Many also praise the area for its beautiful scenes, shown in Kong: Skull Island, adding to its appeal.

With Vietnam’s popularity rising, Ninh Binh is a great choice for those searching for a peaceful and personal experience in an undiscovered place. Ninh Binh’s beautiful scenery, unique history and traditional Vietnamese way of life make it a must-visit for many travelers.

Rice fields and mountains in Ninh Binh, Vietnam

Why visit Ninh Binh?

To sum up, if Vietnam’s soul was a person, it could resemble the peaceful waterways of Trang An or the broad rice paddies of Tam Coc. The province attracts eco-tourists, history fans and anyone in search of peace.

The beauty of Ninh Binh’s nature cannot be matched. Because of the rivers flowing between limestone gorges, the many caves and temples in the mountains, the area is truly a unique blend of nature and culture. The attractive views in the region helped it gain international attention when it was used as the backdrop for “Kong: Skull Island”.

Beyond aesthetics, Ninh Binh is also a treasure trove of Vietnamese heritage. As the cradle of Vietnam’s first imperial capital - Hoa Lu - it holds layers of dynastic history etched into ancient stone temples and pagodas.

Perhaps most appealing is Ninh Binh's unpretentious charm. Unlike heavily commercialized tourist cities, life here is still centered around agriculture, family and community. That’s what makes it so real, so peaceful - and so worth your visit.

History of Ninh Binh

Historically rich and culturally vital, Ninh Binh served as Vietnam’s capital during the 10th and 11th centuries, under the Dinh and Le dynasties. Its capital, Hoa Lu, was strategically positioned amid natural barriers - limestone cliffs, dense forests and rivers - which provided protection from invasions. These natural fortresses helped establish the foundation for Vietnam's early statehood.

Today, remnants of these historical dynasties can still be seen in the Hoa Lu Ancient Capital, where you’ll find temples dedicated to Emperor Dinh Tien Hoang and Emperor Le Dai Hanh. Walking among these ruins evokes a deep respect for the resilience and ingenuity of Vietnam’s early rulers.

This heritage remains a cornerstone of Ninh Binh's identity, with festivals and rituals still honoring its historical importance. Whether you’re a history buff or a curious traveler, a visit to Hoa Lu is like stepping into a living textbook of Vietnamese civilization.

Tourists float by boat on the river of the Tam Coc National Park

Geography and climate

Set in the Red River Delta region, Ninh Binh is a land of contrasts - with craggy limestone mountains soaring above low-lying plains, tranquil rice paddies stretching across fertile fields and sinuous rivers that snake through gorges and valleys. Its most iconic geological formations belong to the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that encompasses karst peaks, serene lakes and mystical grottoes.

As for climate, Ninh Binh enjoys a humid subtropical climate. Winters (November to February) are cool and misty, adding a romantic atmosphere to the fog-draped landscape. Summers (May to August) are hot and humid, with sporadic rainfall - perfect for lush greenery and full rivers, though less ideal for travelers averse to heat.

The best time to visit Ninh Binh is during the dry months of March to May or September to October. The weather is temperate and the rice fields shimmer in hues of green or golden yellow depending on the season. Avoid the heavy rains in July and August unless you're prepared for unpredictable boat rides and muddy treks.

How to get to Ninh Binh

Wondering how to reach this natural haven? Here's a quick travel guide for multiple routes:

From Hanoi to Ninh Binh

The most popular and easiest route is Hanoi to Ninh Binh, just 90 km away. Options include:

• Train: Departs from Hanoi Railway Station. It’s a scenic 2.5-hour journey with comfortable seating.
• Bus or Minivan: Fast, frequent and economical. Companies like Limousine VIP offer plush rides.
• Motorbike or Car Rental: Adventurous travelers can enjoy a scenic 2-hour drive via QL1A Highway.

From Ha Long Bay to Ninh Binh

Though not directly connected, you can:

• Take a bus or private transfer, roughly 4-5 hours.
• For a scenic route, opt for a cruise transfer that includes land travel and boat rides.

From Hue, Hoi An or Da Nang to Ninh Binh

• Trains and overnight buses run from Hue and Da Nang to Ninh Binh, usually taking 10–14 hours.
• Hoi An requires a transfer to Da Nang first.

From Sapa, Mai Chau and Cat Ba Island to Ninh Binh

• From Sapa: Overnight sleeper buses and connections via Hanoi.
• From Mai Chau: Private taxis or bus combos (~4 hours).
• From Cat Ba Island: Combination of ferry and bus or private car, typically 5–6 hours.

No matter where you are in Vietnam, there’s a route that gets you to Ninh Binh - each offering a glimpse into the country’s rich, rural heartland.

Top attractions in Ninh Binh

What are the must-see places in Ninh Binh? Here’s a hand-picked list for every traveler:

Trang An landscape complex

A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Trang An is an ethereal water-world of limestone peaks and ancient temples, best explored via traditional sampan boat rides. Gliding through caves and emerald waters, you’ll pass by sacred sites like Trinh Temple and Dark Cave.

Aerial view of natural scenery at Trang An landscape complex

Tam Coc

Often dubbed the “Inland Ha Long Bay", Tam Coc offers postcard-perfect rice paddies flanked by limestone cliffs. A boat ride here is more intimate than Trang An - rowed by local women using their feet!

Mua cave (Hang Mua)

Want panoramic views? Hike the 500 steps to the top of Mua Cave and be rewarded with breathtaking views of the Tam Coc valley. Ideal for sunrise or sunset.

Woman tourist sitting on Hang Mua viewpoint

Bai Dinh pagoda

This is Vietnam’s largest Buddhist temple complex, featuring 500 Arhat statues and a 13-story stupa. A spiritual highlight with grand architecture and peaceful vibes.

Bich Dong pagoda

A scenic 15th-century temple built into a mountainside. Explore the three levels of temples while enjoying a panoramic view of Ninh Binh’s countryside.

Bich Dong Pagoda in Ninh Binh, Vietnam

Ninh Binh caves and rivers

Caves and water routes form the soul of Ninh Binh. Highlights include:

• Hang Mua caves: Ideal for hiking and photoshoots.
• Tam Coc caves: Ride a boat through three natural tunnels - Hang Ca, Hang Hai and Hang Ba.
• Trang An caves: Dramatic underground passages with light filtering through rocky crevices.
• Kayaking: Available in some areas like Van Long and Trang An for those who prefer paddling their own way.

Trang An vs Tam Coc

Both offer unforgettable experiences, but if you're short on time, Tam Coc is more accessible and visually diverse.

Cultural heritage sites

Dive into Ninh Binh’s rich past by visiting:

• Hoa Lu Ancient Capital: Once home to Vietnam’s kings, now a tranquil site with restored temples.
• Le and Dinh Dynasty Temples: Ornate wooden temples surrounded by mountains.
• Bai Dinh Temple Complex: Home to the world’s largest bronze Buddha and many sacred relics.

These places speak to Vietnam’s spiritual and political evolution - and offer deep insight into the nation’s soul.

Ninh Binh national parks

Nature lovers, take note - Ninh Binh is a gateway to some of Vietnam’s most pristine and biodiverse regions. Two must-visit parks are:

Cuc Phuong national park

Vietnam’s oldest national park, Cuc Phuong, lies just 45 km from Ninh Binh City. It’s a biodiversity hotspot teeming with over 2,000 plant species, 300 bird species and rare animals like langurs and pangolins.

• Highlights: Primate Rescue Center, ancient caves, 1,000-year-old tree.
• Activities: Trekking, biking, guided wildlife tours.
• Tip: Visit in April–May for vibrant butterfly swarms.

Van Long nature reserve

Often overshadowed by Trang An and Tam Coc, Van Long is a tranquil wetland where tourists can take a quiet bamboo boat ride to spot rare species, including the Delacour's langur - a critically endangered primate.

• What to expect: Mirror-like waters, birdwatching, fewer tourists.
• Best time: Early morning or sunset for misty landscapes.

Ninh Binh on screen

Did you know parts of “Kong: Skull Island” were filmed in Ninh Binh?

Filming locations

The majestic scenery of Trang An and Van Long served as backdrops for Skull Island in the 2017 Hollywood blockbuster. Visitors can now take "Kong Tours", which guide you through the exact locations used in filming, complete with replica tribal villages and guides in costume.

These experiences merge pop culture with natural beauty, making them especially appealing for families and cinephiles alike.

Day trips from Hanoi to Ninh Binh

Short on time but want a taste of Ninh Binh? A day trip from Hanoi is entirely doable and richly rewarding.

Sample day trip itinerary

It’s a packed but fulfilling way to soak in Ninh Binh’s best features - ideal for travelers on tight schedules.

Ninh Binh to other destinations

Ninh Binh's central location makes it an excellent transit hub to other famous Vietnamese spots:

Ninh Binh to Hoi An / Hue

• Train: Take the Reunification Express - overnight rides with sleeper berths.
• Bus: Cost-effective, though longer.
• Tip: Break the journey with a stop in Phong Nha to explore its famous caves.

Ninh Binh to Sapa / Mai Chau

• Via Hanoi: Switch in Hanoi; minibuses available.
• Direct Transfers: Possible through private transport companies.

Ninh Binh to Cat Ba Island / Ha Long Bay

• Combine bus and ferry: Reach Hai Phong or Ha Long City, then hop on a boat.
• Cruise packages: Some include transfers from Ninh Binh.

This flexibility makes it easy to weave Ninh Binh into any Vietnamese travel itinerary.

Asian woman wearing Vietnam culture traditional at Tam coc, Vietnam

Where to stay in Ninh Binh

Top areas

• Tam Coc: Best for boat tours, restaurants and countryside.
• Trang An: Serene, eco-focused homestays.
• Ninh Binh City: Convenient but less scenic.

Popular accommodations

Each caters to different budgets, with most offering free bikes, local meals and warm hospitality.

Homestays vs hotels in Ninh Binh

Homestays offer cultural immersion - ideal for slow travelers. Guests can share meals with locals, join rice harvesting or even try their hand at fishing.

Hotels, especially eco-resorts, are more structured, with modern amenities and tour assistance.

Our recommendation: Opt for a homestay in Tam Coc for authenticity or a boutique hotel in Trang An for tranquility.

Local food and cuisine

Ninh Binh’s culinary scene is flavorful, unique and highly regional.

Must-try dishes

• De Nui (Mountain Goat Meat): Grilled or steamed, served with herbal leaves.
• Eel Vermicelli Soup (Mien Luon): A spicy, slippery local favorite.
• Burned Rice (Com Chay): Crispy rice crackers dipped in pork or goat sauce.
• Mountain Snails: Seasonal delicacy harvested from local limestone ranges.

Pair these dishes with local rice wine for a true Vietnamese meal.

Transport in and around Ninh Binh

Getting around Ninh Binh is part of the fun:

• Bicycles: Often free with accommodations.
• Scooters: Rentable for ~$5/day.
• Taxis and Grabs: Available but less frequent in rural areas.
• Boat Tours: Essential for cave and river exploration.

Navigating Ninh Binh is relatively simple - and always scenic.

Adventure activities in Ninh Binh

Adventurers, rejoice! Ninh Binh offers more than sightseeing:

• Rock Climbing: Limestone cliffs near Mua Cave are perfect for vertical thrills.
• Kayaking: Available in Trang An and Van Long.
• Hiking: Trails in Cuc Phuong or up Mua Cave.
• Cycling Tours: Winding paths through rice paddies and temples.

These activities provide both fitness and fun, all set in jaw-dropping scenery.

Family-friendly travel in Ninh Binh

With easy boat rides, gentle hikes and engaging wildlife, Ninh Binh is ideal for families.

Child-friendly spots

• Trang An boat rides
• Mua Cave (for older kids)
• Bai Dinh’s pagodas and elevators
• Cuc Phuong’s wildlife centers

Travel tips

• Bring snacks and water
• Rent family-sized bikes or use tuk-tuks
• Book early for kid-friendly tours

Romantic getaways in Ninh Binh

Ninh Binh oozes romance - from sunset river rides to cozy mountain-view stays.

Date-worthy experiences

• Sunset at Mua Cave
• Private boat ride in Trang An
• Dinner by the lake at a boutique resort
• Morning hike in Van Long

It’s a tranquil alternative to crowded beaches and noisy cities.

Budget travel tips for Ninh Binh

You don’t need deep pockets to enjoy Ninh Binh’s splendor. This destination offers tremendous value for money, making it ideal for budget-conscious travelers.

Top money-saving tips

• Public transport: Use buses or trains to and from Hanoi.
• Accommodation: Opt for family-run homestays, often priced between $10–$20 per night.
• Eat local: Skip Western cafes - traditional com pho shops offer hearty meals for under $3.
• DIY Itinerary: Explore on your own using rental bikes instead of guided tours.
• Group Tours: Platforms offer discounts for multiple bookings.

You can easily experience a full day of adventure - including meals, tours and travel - for under $30 USD.

Trang An, Ninh Binh traditional festival

Packing tips for Ninh Binh

Essentials for every season

For photography lovers, a drone or telephoto lens is also a great investment to capture sweeping panoramas and wildlife.

Conclusion: Why Ninh Binh should be your next destination

Ninh Binh is more than a stop on a Vietnam itinerary - it’s a timeless retreat, an open-air museum and a spiritual sanctuary. With its emerald rivers, sacred temples, ancient capital and misty mountains, it offers a holistic travel experience that nourishes the soul.

Whether you're a backpacker on a budget, a couple in search of romance or a family with curious kids, Ninh Binh opens its arms wide. It’s where Vietnam’s legends were born, where nature sings in limestone harmony and where travelers find peace, wonder and a slice of the authentic.